The Frankenstein monster, created by Mary Shelley in her iconic novel “Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus,” serves as a compelling case study for understanding the psychology of fear and the impact of the monstrous on the human psyche. Here’s a closer look at the psychological aspects of fear in the context of the Frankenstein monster:
1. Fear of the Unknown:
- The Frankenstein monster is a creature brought to life through a mysterious and unnatural process. Its appearance and abilities are unknown and unfamiliar, evoking fear of the unknown, which is a primal and deeply ingrained human fear.
2. Fear of Creation:
- Dr. Victor Frankenstein’s creation of the monster explores the fear of playing God and the ethical and moral dilemmas associated with creation and responsibility.
3. Fear of Aberration:
- The monster’s physical appearance is grotesque, which triggers a fear of aberration or deformity. This taps into the human fear of what is perceived as different or abnormal.
4. Fear of the “Other”:
- The monster is an outsider and is often portrayed as a symbol of the “Other” in society. This represents a fear of those who are perceived as different or alien and the prejudice and discrimination that can result from such fear.
5. Fear of Rejection:
- The monster’s tragic story includes being rejected by its creator and society. This highlights the fear of rejection, abandonment, and the psychological impact it can have on an individual.
6. Fear of Retribution:
- As the story unfolds, the monster seeks revenge on Victor Frankenstein for his suffering. This taps into the fear of retribution and the consequences of one’s actions.
7. Fear of Isolation:
- The monster’s isolation and loneliness contribute to its anguish. This underscores the fear of isolation and the detrimental effects of social isolation on mental health.
8. Fear of Loss of Control:
- Victor Frankenstein’s inability to control and contain the monster’s actions reflects the fear of losing control over one’s creation, whether it be technological or biological.
9. Fear of Technology and Science:
- “Frankenstein” is often considered a cautionary tale about the potential dangers of scientific and technological advancements. It touches on the fear of how science and technology can be misused or have unintended consequences.
10. Fear of the Monstrous Within:
- The monster’s story can be interpreted as a metaphor for the fear of the monstrous aspects within ourselves. It raises questions about the dual nature of humanity and the potential for darkness within each person.
11. Fear as a Literary Device:
- Mary Shelley skillfully uses fear as a literary device to create tension, suspense, and a sense of dread throughout the novel. Fear is a powerful tool in storytelling, and “Frankenstein” masterfully exploits it.
The Frankenstein monster’s impact on literature and popular culture is profound, and its portrayal of fear and the psychological consequences of creation continues to be a thought-provoking and relevant subject in the realm of horror and science fiction. It invites readers and viewers to explore the depths of human psychology and our collective fears.
